Dental News - Patients with aggressive periodontitis comply poorly with treatment, study finds

Dental Tribune International

Tue. 13. December 2016

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STOCKHOLM, Sweden: Given the severe progression of aggressive periodontitis, a type of periodontal disease that results in the rapid destruction of the periodontal attachment apparatus and the supporting alveolar bone, compliance to treatment is essential to manage the condition. However, a Swedish study has found that considerably more patients with aggressive periodontitis interrupted their specialist treatment than patients with chronic periodontitis.

Aiming to investigate differences in treatment compliance between patients with chronic periodontitis and those with aggressive periodontitis, researchers from the Eastman Institute in Stockholm found that almost half of the patients (48 per cent) with aggressive periodontitis interrupted their periodontal treatment. In the chronic periodontitis group, only 34 per cent stopped their treatment.

Moreover, patients who interrupted their treatment had significantly deeper periodontal pockets at baseline as well as significantly more sites with bleeding at probing than those who complied, according to the researchers. Non-compliance was further associated with smoking. In the study, 42 per cent of non-complying patients with aggressive periodontitis were smokers, compared to 31 per cent of those who complied.

In patients with aggressive periodontitis, compliance and motivation to follow the treatment plan are essential for gaining control of the disease. Thus, the high dropout rate among patients with aggressive periodontitis—irrespective of their background and risk factors—may be regarded a major health problem, the researchers wrote.

Aggressive periodontitis often occurs in otherwise healthy individuals. In comparison to chronic periodontitis, the disease results in more rapid attachment loss and bone destruction that occurs earlier in life.

The study, titled “Treatment compliance in patients with aggressive periodontitis—a retrospective case-control study”, followed 234 patients with a diagnosis of aggressive periodontitis over a period of three years. The results were published online on 29 November in the Acta Odontologica Scandinavica journal.

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