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The endodontic challenge in patients with diabetes: Pathophysiology, clinical impact and treatment considerations by Dr Samer N. Hanna

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  • 3.National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research. Diabetes and oral health. Bethesda (MD): National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research; 2024 Oct [cited 2025 Nov 16]. Available from: https://www.nidcr.nih.gov/health-info/diabetes.
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  • 6.Davidović B, Krunić J, Mladenović I, Stojanović N, Hannig M, Vitkov L. Effects of apical periodontitis treatment on hyperglycaemia in diabetes: a prospective cohort study. Int Endod J. 2024 Aug;57(8):1099–109. doi: 10.1111/iej.14068.
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  • 8.Saghiri MA. Effects of diabetes on elemental levels and nanostructure of root canal dentin. Chicago (IL): American Association of Endodontists; 2025 Aug 29 [cited 2025 Nov 16]. Available from: https://www.aae.org/specialty/effects-of-diabetes-on-elemental-levels-and-nanostructure-of-root-canal-dentin/.
  • 9.Wang S, Wang X, Bai F, Shi X, Zhou T, Li F. Effect of endodontic treatment on clinical outcome in Type 2 diabetic patients with apical periodontitis. Heliyon. 2023 Feb 22;9(3):e13914. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13914. Retraction in: Heliyon. 2025 Mar 25;11(9):e43253. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2025.e43253.
  • 10.Bhattacharyya A, Kochhar R, Kumari M. Comparison of pulp sensibility test responses in Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and healthy individuals in the Indian subpopulation. J Conserv Dent Endod. 2025 Aug;28(8):803–8. doi: 10.4103/JCDE.JCDE_285_25.
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  • 13.Rane S, Pandit V, Gaikwad A, Chavan S, Patil R, Shinde M. Minimally invasive access cavity designs: a review. J Pharm Bioallied Sci. 2024 Jul;16(Suppl 3):S1971–3. doi: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_450_24.
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