Dental Tribune International

Thu. 30. October 2025

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GENEVA, Switzerland: A comprehensive new survey by FDI World Dental Federation has revealed that illegal dental practice is an escalating global public health threat. The study, involving 49 national dental associations, found that unlicensed and unqualified providers continue to endanger patients worldwide and that weak enforcement and regulatory gaps allow dangerous practices to thrive.

Building upon existing FDI policy, the report exposes the scale and complexity of illegal dentistry—defined as the provision of dental care by individuals who lack proper qualifications, registration or licensing. Reported examples of such practices include beauticians fitting fixed appliances in salons as well as unlicensed persons performing extractions or implant procedures in private homes or informal clinics.

According to FDI, 95% of surveyed countries have laws against illegal dental practice, yet only 49% of the associations surveyed said that they believe those laws are effectively enforced. Fifty-six per cent of the associations identified significant obstacles to enforcement, including insufficient resources, bureaucratic delays, political interference and corruption. A further 58% of associations reported confirmed cases of patient harm, ranging from severe infections to permanent disfigurement and, in extreme cases, life-threatening complications.

The survey found that illegal dentistry often flourishes where access to affordable, qualified care is limited—especially in low- and middle-income countries. Economic hardship, lack of awareness and cultural tolerance were also cited as major contributing factors. While informal care may sometimes emerge to meet community needs, the report warns that it poses unacceptable risks and undermines trust in the profession.

FDI’s recommendations urge a global, multilayered response: updated legislation with meaningful penalties, stronger collaboration between dental associations, regulators and law enforcement, and robust data collection to track the problem. FDI also recommends launching public awareness campaigns to educate the public on the importance of consulting qualified providers and to help patients verify providers’ credentials.

The report concludes that tackling illegal dental practice requires not just tougher laws but equitable access to safe, affordable dental care. Without decisive action, the profession risks further erosion of public trust and escalating harm to patients. As FDI emphasises, protecting patients begins with ensuring that only qualified, licensed professionals are permitted to practise—anywhere in the world.

The report, titled Illegal Dental Practice: Results of a Global Survey With National Dental Associations (NDAs), is available to download here.

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