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“The success of autotransplantation of teeth depends on indication and technique”

Dr Mitsuhiro Tsukiboshi presenting at ROOTS SUMMIT 2024. (Image: Dental Tribune International)

Autotransplantation of teeth (ATT) is a promising approach that offers a blend of aesthetic, functional and economic benefits for patients with missing or compromised teeth. However, this therapy may be overlooked as a viable option for tooth replacement. In this interview with Dental Tribune International, ROOTS SUMMIT 2024 speaker Dr Mitsuhiro Tsukiboshi, a pioneering figure in dental traumatology and tooth transplantation, delves into the nuances of ATT, addresses common misconceptions and explores possible advancements in treatment fuelled by technological developments.

Dr Tsukiboshi, you’ve had a distinguished career since earning your PhD in dental materials in 1981. What initially drew you to the field of ATT?
I didn’t have any definite prospects as a dentist just after graduating from dental school. I started a general dental practice when I was 29 years old, but I was initially at a loss about integrating periodontal and endodontic care effectively, and naturally, my interest shifted to these two issues. I eventually became interested in healing processes after treatment, such as healing of the periodontal ligament and pulp. However, owing to my limited knowledge of dental trauma, I sometimes overtreated cases. Fortunately, I encountered Dr Jens Ove Andreasen, who was the father of dental traumatology and tooth transplantation. My work and interest as a dentist changed rapidly and vividly after that.

What role does ATT play in modern dentistry?
The role of ATT is to treat missing teeth or hopeless teeth with natural teeth aesthetically, functionally and predictably, mainly in young patients, at lower cost.

Are there any common misconceptions about ATT that you would like to address?
I think there are two misconceptions. Many dentists still believe that the success rate of ATT is low, whereas others believe it to be extremely high. I think both assumptions are wrong. The success of ATT depends on indication and technique, and these are related to the experience and knowledge of the dental professional performing the procedure.

Many dentists still believe that the success rate of ATT is low, whereas others believe it to be extremely high.”

What are the most significant benefits of ATT, especially for younger patients, and what are some key factors that dental professionals should consider for ensuring the viability of transplanted teeth?
The most significant benefit is that the transplanted tooth can stimulate and maintain bone around it. It can move orthodontically and naturally cooperate with the other teeth in the mouth. The critical key to success is the periodontal ligament remaining on the root surface of the transplant. The patient’s age, root form and extra-oral time during surgery are important as well.

You have mentioned elsewhere that ATT can be particularly advantageous in scenarios where the recipient sites pose challenges for implant placement. Can you elaborate on that?
In implant therapy, a bony defect of the recipient site must be augmented before or during surgery. However, in the case of ATT, compromised recipient sites can be repaired naturally owing to the presence of the periodontal ligament on the transplant. Sinus lift performed concurrently with ATT offers significant benefits.

How do you envision the future of ATT in dentistry? Are there new techniques or materials on the horizon that could further enhance the success rates of ATT?
Like other areas of dental treatment, the developments in 3D technology offer advantages in ATT. 3D analysis before treatment, 3D plastic replicas and surgical guides, for example, are being used in ATT and seem to be leading to higher success rates. 3D analysis gives us the insight necessary to determine whether ATT is indicated or not, and 3D technology reduces the extra-oral time of the donor tooth and periodontal ligament injury during the try-in procedure.

What advice would you give to dental practitioners who are new to ATT and wish to integrate it into their practices?
I would like to say that success depends on the indication, the age of the patient, the stage of root development, the form of the roots and the technique used. I recommend that dentists start ATT with immature donor teeth.

At the end of May, I’ll be publishing a revised second edition of my book Autotransplantation of Teeth in English, in which aspects such as the biological principles, techniques and indications will be discussed in depth. Reading the book will give dental professionals who are interested in ATT a good foundation.

Editorial note:

Dr Mitsuhiro Tsukiboshi gave a lecture titled “Autotransplantation of teeth” at ROOTS SUMMIT 2024 on 11 May from 3:30 p.m. to 5:00 p.m. More information about the event can be found on the
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